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Fermentation is the breakdown of pyrrhic acid without the use of oxygen. Some scientists refer to the combined processes of glycolysis and fermentation as anaerobic respiration. The metabolism of pyruvicacid during fermentation does not produce any ATP. The function of fermentation is to break down pyrrhic acid and regenerate NAD forrest in glycols, where ATP is formed.
Fermentation occurs in the forms of lactic acid fermentation and alcoholic fermentation. Lactic acid fermentation occurs in animal cells and in some unicellular organisms when oxygen is in short of supply. As oxygen consumed in aerobic respiration, oxygen becomes scarce. When this happens, NAD + H donates its hydrogen atoms to pyrrhic acid, and lactic acid soon accumulates in tissues. Lactic acid make muscles feel tired and sore.
This makes people feel muscle fatigue after good work outs or strenuous exercise. Lactic acid is then transported to the liver where it is converted into glucose. Alcoholic fermentation is a process that occurs in some plant cells awesome unicellular organisms, such as yeasts. In alcoholic fermentationpyruvic acid is converted into ethyl alcohol. Just as lactic acid accumulates during lactic acid fermentation, ethyl alcohol accumulates during alcoholic fermentation. The alcohol in wine and beer is produced by fermentation carried out by some microorganisms and by some plants such as wheat and barley.
These fermentation ways don t supply cells with any additional ATP molecules. Most of the energy remains in the fermentation products such lactic acid or ethyl alcohol.
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Research essay sample on Lactic Acid Unicellular Organisms